Some of the most common types of hernias are explained below. Inguinal hernias , in the inner groin area, occur when the intestine protrudes through either of two passages in the lower abdominal wall called inguinal canals. They are much less common than inguinal hernias and are far more likely to occur in women than in men.
They also present a higher risk of complications if they are not repaired. Ventral hernias occur though an opening in the muscles of the abdomen. There are three types of ventral hernias: Epigastric hernias occur above the bellybutton. Incisional hernias are caused by a weakening of the abdominal muscle resulting from an incision made during a previous abdominal surgery. Umbilical hernias , which occur near the bellybutton, are most common in newborns, especially those born prematurely.
These hernias usually close on their own by the time the child turns 4. Umbilical hernias can be more problematic when they occur in adults. Hiatal hernias occur when the upper part of the stomach bulges into the chest through a small opening the hiatus in the diaphragm. The hiatus allows the esophagus, which carries food from the mouth to the stomach, to pass through the diaphragm.
What are some hernia symptoms? What are the options for hernia surgery? There are two primary options: Open hernia surgery. The surgeon makes a cut in the groin to view and repair the hernia. After repairing the hernia, the surgeon uses stitches alone or stitches and a piece of mesh to close the abdominal wall. The mesh is designed to strengthen the weak area of the abdominal wall where the hernia occurred.
Laparoscopic hernia surgery. The surgeon makes several small cuts in the lower abdomen and inserts special tools to view and repair the hernia. The surgeon typically uses a piece of mesh to close and strengthen the abdominal wall. There are some surgeons who opt for robotic repair, which means they sit at a console controlling robotic arms that perform the surgery. When might I need emergency surgery? Author: Healthwise Staff. Medical Review: E.
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Updated visitor guidelines. Top of the page. Surgery Overview For open hernia repair surgery, a single long incision is made in the groin. Open surgery is different from laparoscopic surgery for hernia repair in the following ways: An open surgery requires one larger incision instead of several small incisions.
If hernias are on both sides, a second incision will be needed to fix the other hernia. Laparoscopic surgery allows the surgeon to repair both hernias without making more incisions. Open hernia repair can be done under general, spinal, or local anesthesia. Laparoscopic repair requires general anesthesia.
What To Expect After Surgery Most people who have open hernia repair surgery are able to go home the same day. Andresen K, Rosenberg J. Management of chronic pain after hernia repair. J Pain Res. Mayo Clinic. Inguinal hernia. Updated April 24, Mortality after groin hernia surgery. Ann Surg. World J Surg. Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for VerywellHealth. At any time, you can update your settings through the "EU Privacy" link at the bottom of any page.
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Types of Anesthesia Used During Surgery. Understanding Laparoscopic Surgery. Hernia Surgery: How To Prepare. Hernia Surgery: Recovery. Hernia Surgery: Long-Term Care. Frequently Asked Questions What happens if a hernia is left untreated? Is hernia surgery life-threatening? How long does it take to heal after hernia surgery?
Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Sign Up. What are your concerns? Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Before the Procedure. Tell your surgeon or nurse if: You are or could be pregnant You are taking any medicines, including drugs, supplements, or herbs you bought without a prescription During the week before your surgery: You may be asked to stop taking blood thinning medicines.
These include aspirin, ibuprofen Advil, Motrin , clopidogrel Plavix , warfarin Coumadin , naprosyn Aleve, Naproxen , and others.
Ask your surgeon which drugs you should still take on the day of surgery. On the day of surgery: Follow instructions about when to stop eating and drinking. Take the medicines your surgeon told you to take with a small sip of water. Arrive at the hospital on time. After the Procedure. Following instructions about how active you can be while recovering.
This may include: Returning to light activities soon after going home, but avoiding strenuous activities and heavy lifting for a few weeks. Avoiding activities that can increase pressure in the groin and belly.
Move slowly from a lying to a seated position. Drinking plenty of fluids and eating lots of fiber to prevent constipation. Outlook Prognosis. Outcome of this surgery is usually very good. In some people, the hernia returns. Alternative Names. Patient Instructions.
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